### WordPress - Web publishing software
Copyright 2011-2019 by the contributors
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
This program incorporates work covered by the following copyright and
permission notices:
b2 is (c) 2001, 2002 Michel Valdrighi - m@tidakada.com -
http://tidakada.com
Wherever third party code has been used, credit has been given in the code's
comments.
b2 is released under the GPL
and
WordPress - Web publishing software
Copyright 2003-2010 by the contributors
WordPress is released under the GPL
---
### GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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### How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
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Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
interest in the program `Gnomovision'
(which makes passes at compilers) written
by James Hacker.
signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
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[GNU Lesser General Public
License](http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html) instead of this
License.
Искренность_образов_и_эстетика_ретро_в_куль – Baywoodproperties
Искренность образов и эстетика ретро в культовом pinup искусстве середины прошлого века
Искусство pinup, возникшее в начале XX века и достигшее своего расцвета в середине прошлого столетия, представляет собой уникальное явление в культуре. Этот стиль, пропитанный духом оптимизма и флирта, стал символом эпохи, отражая в себе перемены в обществе и раскрепощение нравов. Изображения в стиле pinup часто представляли собой привлекательных девушек в игривых позах, подчеркивающих их женственность и сексуальность, но всегда с долей невинности и юмора.
Первоначально появившись на календарях и рекламных плакатах, изображения pinup быстро завоевали популярность благодаря своей эстетической привлекательности и способности поднимать настроение. Они стали своеобразным эскапизмом от суровой реальности, особенно в период Великой депрессии и Второй мировой войны, даря людям надежду и веру в лучшее. Элементы этой визуальной культуры нашли отражение в моде, дизайне и даже в кинематографе, оказывая влияние на формирование представлений о красоте и женственности.
Истоки и эволюция стиля pinup
Идея визуальной эстетики, предшествующей стилю pinup, берет свое начало в работах художников конца XIX века, таких как Чарльз Дана Гибсон, чьи "гибсоновские девушки" воплощали идеал женской красоты того времени – элегантность, утонченность и утонченная утонченность. Однако, настоящий расцвет pinup-культуры приходится на 1930-е и 1940-е годы, когда американские художники начали создавать изображения привлекательных девушек для календарей, рекламных плакатов и журналов. Эти изображения отличались от предыдущих более откровенностью и игривостью, но при этом сохраняли определенную долю невинности и юмора. Художники, такие как Альберт Варпул и Джордж Пал, стали пионерами этого стиля, создавая культовые образы, которые до сих пор вдохновляют художников и дизайнеров.
Влияние войны на развитие стиля
Вторая мировая война оказала значительное влияние на развитие pinup-культуры. Изображения pinup стали своеобразным символом надежды и отвлечения для американских солдат, сражавшихся за границей. Они размещали фотографии pinup-девушек на своих самолетах, танках и в кабинках, считая их талисманами, приносящими удачу. Кроме того, изображения pinup часто публиковались в военных журналах и газетах, поднимая моральный дух солдат и напоминая им о мирной жизни, за которую они сражались. Это повсеместное распространение изображений pinup еще больше укрепило их популярность и сделало их неотъемлемой частью американской культуры.
Художник
Годы активности
Известные работы
Альберт Варпул
1930-е – 1980-е
Календари Brown & Bigelow
Жорж Пал
1930-е – 1990-е
Эротические иллюстрации для журналов
Гил Элвгрен
1940-е – 1980-е
Изображения для журналов и календарей
Зора Уолтерс
1940-е – 1990-е
Портреты и иллюстрации для журналов
После войны стиль pinup продолжал развиваться и адаптироваться к меняющимся социальным нормам. Он оказал влияние на моду, дизайн и кинематограф, вдохновляя художников и дизайнеров на создание новых образов и стилей. Хотя пик его популярности пришелся на середину XX века, элементы pinup-культуры до сих пор можно встретить в современной массовой культуре.
Особенности эстетики pinup
Эстетика pinup отличается своей яркостью, игривостью и сексуальностью. Изображения pinup часто представляют собой привлекательных девушек в облегающей одежде, подчеркивающей их формы, и в игривых позах, демонстрирующих их женственность и уверенность в себе. Важным элементом pinup-стиля является макияж, который обычно включает в себя яркую помаду, подводку для глаз и румяна. Прически pinup-девушек также отличаются своей оригинальностью и продуманностью, часто это локоны, косы и завитки, украшенные лентами и цветами. В целом, эстетика pinup направлена на создание образа привлекательной, уверенной в себе и игривой женщины, которая не боится выражать свою сексуальность.
Основные элементы образа pinup
Неотъемлемыми элементами образа pinup являются не только внешние атрибуты, такие как макияж, прическа и одежда, но и внутренняя уверенность в себе и позитивное отношение к жизни. Pinup-девушки обычно изображаются жизнерадостными, оптимистичными и открытыми для новых впечатлений. Они не стесняются своей женственности и сексуальности, а наоборот, демонстрируют их с гордостью и удовольствием. Кроме того, важную роль в создании образа pinup играет антураж – интерьеры, реквизит и аксессуары, которые подчеркивают атмосферу игривости и флирта.
Позитивный настрой: уверенность в себе, жизнерадостность, оптимизм.
Сочетание всех этих элементов создает уникальный и неповторимый образ pinup, который до сих пор вдохновляет художников, дизайнеров и поклонников этого стиля.
Влияние pinup на современную культуру
Несмотря на то, что пик популярности pinup-культуры давно прошел, ее влияние на современную культуру остается значительным. Элементы pinup-стиля можно увидеть в модной индустрии, фотографии, дизайне и кинематографе. Например, многие современные дизайнеры черпают вдохновение в образах pinup-девушек при создании новых коллекций одежды, аксессуаров и макияжа. Фотографы и художники часто используют эстетику pinup для создания провокационных и привлекательных изображений. А в кинематографе образы pinup-девушек можно встретить в ретро-фильмах и в современных фильмах, стремящихся воссоздать атмосферу эпохи 1940-х и 1950-х годов.
Pinup в современной фотографии и моде
В современной фотографии и моде pinup-стиль часто используется для создания гламурных и эротических образов. Фотографы и модели экспериментируют с различными позами, одеждой и аксессуарами, чтобы воссоздать атмосферу игривости и флирта, характерную для оригинальных изображений pinup. Однако, в отличие от классических изображений pinup, современные фотографы часто стремятся к более реалистичным и естественным образам, отказываясь от чрезмерной ретуши и обработки изображений. В моде pinup-стиль проявляется в использовании облегающей одежды, ярких цветов и принтов, а также в аксессуарах, таких как туфли на каблуках, шляпки и чулки. Эта эстетика продолжает вдохновлять дизайнеров и оставаться востребованной среди поклонников ретро-стиля.
Использование облегающей одежды, подчеркивающей фигуру.
Яркий макияж и прическа в ретро-стиле.
Аксессуары, такие как туфли на каблуках, шляпки и чулки.
Создание игривой и флиртующей атмосферы.
Акцент на женственности и уверенности в себе.
Влияние pinup можно заметить и в современной рекламе, где образы привлекательных девушек в ретро-стиле используются для продвижения различных товаров и услуг. Этот прием позволяет рекламодателям апеллировать к ностальгическим чувствам и создавать ассоциации с положительными эмоциями.
Современное возрождение pinup
В последние годы наблюдается возрождение интереса к pinup-культуре. В различных городах мира проводятся тематические вечеринки, фестивали и конкурсы, посвященные стилю pinup. Интернет-сообщества и социальные сети также играют важную роль в популяризации pinup-культуры, предоставляя платформу для обмена информацией, фотографиями и идеями. Все больше людей начинают интересоваться историей, эстетикой и философией pinup, стремясь воссоздать образы и атмосферу этой уникальной эпохи.
Это современное возрождение pinup не является просто копированием прошлого. Многие современные поклонники pinup-культуры стремятся к тому, чтобы адаптировать этот стиль к современным реалиям, сохраняя при этом его основные принципы – уверенность в себе, позитивное отношение к жизни и приветствие женственности.
Влияние pinup на формирование представлений о женской красоте
Pinup-культура сыграла значительную роль в формировании представлений о женской красоте в середине XX века. В то время, как ранее в моде были худощавые и андрогинные типы фигуры, pinup-девушки отличались своими пышными формами и выраженной женственностью. Изображения pinup-девушек помогли сломать стереотипы о том, какой должна быть "идеальная" женщина, и показать, что красота может быть разной. Они популяризировали образ уверенной, сексуальной и жизнерадостной женщины, которая не боится демонстрировать свою привлекательность.
Это влияние pinup-культуры на формирование представлений о женской красоте ощущается и сегодня. Современные модели и знаменитости часто вдохновляются образами pinup-девушек, стремясь к пышным формам и выраженной женственности. Эта тенденция отражает растущее признание разнообразия типов фигуры и отказ от узких стандартов красоты.
